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I’ve gathered edibility information off the internet for those species that look like they might be worthwhile to taste.
Disclaimer: I got this information off the internet and cannot vouch for its accuracy. As usual, the dose makes the poison. For anything that isn’t a commonly recognized food (e.g. blackberries), you should stick to a small sample for your first try.
The edibility information here is generally for the raw plant material. If you’re interested in further preparation, check the internet or other sources for instructions.
I gathered toxicity information from the website of the California Poison Control System (hereafter called CalPoison, although their official abbreviation is CPCS).
When I gathered the info, this page had extensive lists of known toxic and non-toxic plants. Those lists appear to have been purged from CalPoison’s website since then. To see the lists yourself, you’ll need visit an archive such as the Wayback Machine.
Disclaimer: CalPoison only includes the most commonly encountered plants. If no toxicity information is listed, that means the plant could be toxic or non-toxic. In addition, if a plant is listed as non-toxic, that probably only refers to the parts most likely to be eaten (e.g. berries or leaves). Eating other parts of the plant or excessive amounts of the non-toxic parts is not advised.
CalPoison groups plants into certain toxicity categories, so the details of any toxic response tend to get blurred together. In addition, CalPoison rarely notes which parts of the plant are toxic and which are not. In many cases, the toxicity information lists multiple common names of plants within a genus, but it isn’t clear whether it applies to all species in the genus. In case of ambiguity, I advise you to play it safe.
As a point of reference, my “edibility” searches have turned up many references to Native Americans using a wide variety of plants as emetics or purgatives. Something to think about before you taste something unfamiliar.
With all of the above said, a tiny taste (e.g. one or two berries) is unlikely to do much harm. If in serious doubt, call CalPoison at 1–800–222–1222.